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BEST AVAMBLE com Nov. 30,1926. '1,609,205

M. SAMBURG ET AL COMPUTTNG ATTACHMENT Original Film1 DGG- 11. 1919 7sheets-sheet 1 IIL; u I "-1 C C Q G Hoznm) BEST AVAiLABLE CGPl Nov; 3o1926.

vM. SAMBURG ET Ae.

COMPUTING ATTACHMENT original Filed Deo.

ll. 1919 7 Sheets-Sheet rtoznag BEST AVAILABLE COP Novs 30 i926.1,609,205 l M. SAMBURG ETAL COMPUTING ATTAHMENT Original Fild De@ U,1919 '7 Sheets-Sheet 5 BEST AvAfLABLE @CP2 9 1 9 L T l A N T M M E MHVc. UAd 5mm MHV Mmm .On Mcm, .l L O 6. 2. 9 1 0 3 v. o, N

7 Sheets-Sheet l nog dem www .admit NRW BEST VAILABLE COF" M. SAMBURGE1- AL Nov. 30

COMPUTING ATTACHMENT 1], 1919 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 Original Filed Dec.

Y namaak/fg BEST AVMLABLE @om Nov. 3Q n w26.

M. SAMBURG ET AL COMPUTING ATTACHMENT Original Filed DC- 1l, 1919 7Sheets-Sheet 6 BEST AVLABLE COP Nov. 3 0 1926. l 1,609,205-

M. SAMBURG ET AL COMPUTING ATTACHMENT original Filed Dsc. N. 1919 7sheets-sheet v Cir BEST AVAILABLE COP Patented Nov. 30, 1926.

1,609,205y PATENT orifice;

MAURICE SAMBURG, OF SEAGATE, NEW YORK, AND JULIUS CHOICHMAN, OFv

IPASSAIC, NEW JERSEY.

COMPUTING ATTACHMENT.

Our present invention relates to computing machines and moreparticularly to machines for performing the operation of addition andpreferably also that of subtraction.

An object of the invention is to provide a mechanism of the above typeWhich-shall be compact, light and simple in construction, yet reliablein action under hard usage.

Another object is to provide a computing mechanism of the typereferredto, of such constructiontliatit canbe vreadily associatedV with a commonform offprinting mechanism, such, as for instance, van ordinarytypewriterto. cause thelatter tov print the numbers concurrently 4 withthe actuation lof the computingmehanism, and certain features oftheinvention reside in 4a novel com-` bination of our computingmechanismwith such typewriter or other printing mechanism.',

Another Objectis to provide a computing and printing machine of exiblecharacter to suit various kinds of work-and, whichy shall notrequire/special forms, ,and which shall more particularly besusceptibleof perfornr ing all or any combination of the following functions:making verticaly or cross additions, printing ganywhefr'e. on theysheet, yadd'- ing dollars, weights, quantities or any other units,punctuating the .numbers as desi're'd and makingin one' operationany-number of carbon copiesincludi`ng,the sums figured.

AnotherY Objectis to.proyide a computing mechanism which lwhenassociated `with any ordinary typewriter ywillnot impose` on`th'e latterany strainor force greaterfthan those imparted to it l in fordinary'operationsfor .corresponding purposes and willstill` allow saidtypewriter to be operated atl all times without actuating any part ofthe computing machine and through all functions, identically as thoughthe computing mechanism were not attached thereto.

Another object is to provide a computing mechanism which-when.V attachedto a type writer will allow the typewriter to be used on the ordinarydrophead type of desk wit-hout interfering with the closing thereof, andwhich Will not necessitate chopping into the desk in any Way in order toobtain this result.

In a preferred embodiment for carrying ont the above objects, we'providea complete self-contained computingmachine of dimensions and arrangement'such that it can readftional and plan view of the mechanism, the

ily be mounted on the frame of many of the common makes of typewriters,above and free from interference with the normal operation of thetypewriter keyboard, the above mentioned printing by the typewriterconcurrently with the arithmetical operation by the computing mechanismbeing effected by a. disposition -of lkeys or other actuating members ofthe latter, at such intervals that when the device is mounted upon thetypewriter, the number key members of the latter are in the path ofAoperation of the" former. The typewriter platen can, therefore, beshifted at will in the course of addition, either-laterally orcircumferentially tosuit the particular form being used and thetypewriter keyboard may be operated to"`print any characters withoutinterference Witlithe accuracy of the arithmetical operation performedby actuation of the computingat,r ,i tachment. i Our computingattachment although pref,- erably employed in the relation above setforth may be used to advantage'apart' from a typewriter in whicheventfthersults of computation are readable but yneitherA't-he numbersnor the sums are printed.,

vThese andv other objects, which will," become evident as lthedescription progresses, areattainedby the novel f construction,arrangement and Combination of'part's hereinafter described and shown inthe accompanying drawings forming a'materi'al part of thisddisclosure,yand'in which Fi 1;ure l is a Jfragmentary plan view of a standardtypewriter showing the calculating -attaclmient in operative position.

Figure 2 is a front elevational view of the same. Figure 3 is afragmentary transverse vertical sectional view of the typewriter andside view of the applied mechanism constitilting the invention.

Figure 4 is an enlarged longitudinal sec- 00 casing beingT removed.

Figure 5 is afront elevational view of the same.

Figure 6 is a transverse sectional view taken on line 6-6 of Fig. 4. 10

Figure. 7 is a similar view taken on line 7 7 of F ig. 4.

Figure 8 is another like sectional View taken on line vSf-S of Fig. 4.

9 is a perspective view of the sup= 1m i f 'Stated 1n 'general portpiate 'forming the rear of the attachnlent easing.

Figure is a perspective view ot' the errer key and back spacing platejFigure 11 is a perspective view of the stepped operating plate.

Figure 12 is a perspective. 'View of the ratchet operating device.

Figure 13 is 'a plan view of the totalizer.

Figure 1 4 is afront view of the same, part .being shown in sectiontodi's'c'lose the construction.

Figure 15 vis an enlarged cross sectional vview taken on line 15--15 ofFig. 13.,

Figure 1'6 is a rear perspective view showing the tot'a'li'zer carriagein detail.

Figure -17 is a fragmentary perspective view of the decimal spacingsystem and allied parts.

Figure 18 'is a perspective view of 'the comb and guide device.

Figure 19, is perspeetbfe view ot one of "the'key fb'ars injdetai'l.

Figii'e 2 0 is fafp'lan view of a typewriter s honiliig'a modified formof computing attachment. A

Figure 21 is 'a side elevational view of' the casing used in' connectiontherewith,

Figrelji's a perspective 'view of n. 'key b'ar 'applied lf'liref'z'tlyon 'the casing- Figure A23 is a erspectiveyiew showing the type 'of'detachable key' 'bar arranged Otel' thetypewriter.

l terms theinvention consilsts'fo'f a series. olfV acciirnulators or'numeral wheelfsipegrah'le in "a casing secured to the front of aftype-writer above the 'key board,

where it iseovenient to access ,`each o't` the 'wheels 'being',iidependently actuated by indiyidu'alkey depressions and also 'by theaccumulating devices 'operating one wheel from. another.

'Each et the acti'iating key'sis .provided with a bar engagifngtle keybar ot the typewriter 'so as=to cause depression of the same and printcharacterscorresponding to the. numeral key c lepressed andthe 4numberadded' or subtracted as indicated on'the numeral wheel.

Referring now more particularly to the drawings -indetaih thenumeraldesignlit'es in general a typewriter, as indicated, although anystandard type ot machine. can

be used,'having alljthe'usual parts and functions.

Attached to the lro'n't of the typewriter, ab vc and appr ximatelycentral with its key board, is a plate 51. having arms 52 rigidlysecured by screws to the machine.

Formed in the fron-t of the plate 51 are ten Vertical grooves 54, thesame registering with the numeral key levers of the typewriter,includinpr the small letter lik ordinarily used as the figure 1, anddisposed in the second row of the bank ot keys, while the others,including the 0 or zero and figures 2 to 9 inclusive, this arrangementnecessitating the two slots at the lett of the platebei-ng placedrelativelyclose together.

L narrow strip or bar 55 is Secured over the plate 51, at its lowermarginal edge, crossing all ot' the several grooves and acting as akeeper for the several bars 5S slidable in thc grooves.

All ot' the bars 58 rest at their lower ends on the numeral key leversas best shown in Figs. 2 and 6.

Attached to the front of the bars 58, are angles 59 their 'extendingelements being 'surmounted by key buttons G0, the same being )ositioncdconvenient of access and without interference to other parts whenoperated.

These bars eachQcontain an elongated slot '(31 midway in their length,Iand terminate in outturned rightangled lugs G2.

A thin metallicfcasing, generally designated by the numeral, is'tormedwith a level `hor'izfmtal top 66, blending 1 nto a curved front upperprtien`G7, 1nerffing intov the rearwardly inclined .ffro'nt 68T :id-ingto the bottom plate 69, parallel 'witl'rthe top; lthe ends T0 o'tthe.casing, which is {ixed to the upper portion of 'the plate '51, beingvextended outwardly beyond the main central poition for purposes furtheron apparent.

Fixed to. the rear plate 51, adjacent the end walls oft' the casin'frA'are a :pair our' rigid plate brackets '71 and f2, 'respectively rightand left, the 'same extending in'toI the project'i'ngportions 'E Olofthecasing. "i

.Revolubly mounted 'and extending between the brackets, at 'their upperlfront portions, is shatt Z 5 below which is a, rod 76 .held in rigidv'enga'gerne-nt tothe brackets 'at each end by clamp nu'ts 77.

Y Another ro'd78 tix'edin the brackets cx- 'ten'ds longitudinally'through the casing, and a second shaft 'is revolubllein'the brackets,the same evtendingtlirough the plate 71 to the wall ot the casing andslriftable tothe. opposite side by "mechanism later described.

A pair ofspur gears 81and S2 are 'set vscrewed by their hubs to theendsof the sha-'ift 55, adiac'ent to their respective brackets, 'preventingthe. shaftfrom mo 'ingfend wise.

llieshing with these gears is another pair ot gears 83 and S4, loose onthe ends of the shatt- 80 so as to 'rotate on 'the shaft, and ,permit itto slide. through Fixed rigidly on theslha'tt '80 are a-pair ofrelatively wide faced pnions 8 5 and 8 6 engageable with ,a vpair otracks Si' and 85% when 'the shaft moved to th'e right, and with anotherpair oi racks 89 andflO. when moved to the le'tt this latter I,air otracks being at the trout and to the'le'tt ot the first named pair.

Both pairs ot racks are secured at the ends ot' a stepped operatingplate 92 guided by by guarding BEST AVAILABLE COW;

elongated slots 93 formed in the outer rack elements 89 and 90, throughwhich passes the shaft 8() which also limits the vertical movement ofthe plate, those rack elements containing recesses 94 clearing the rod78 when the plate is drawn down.

Intermediate between the plates 92 and 51 is a back spacing plate 95having its angular and downwardly. extending'ends formed into racks 96and 97 directly engaging the gears 81 and 82 transmitting motion to theshaft 75 upon the depression of the error key 98, (the saine beingsecured to a projection 99 formed centrally at the top of the plate 95)or any numeral key.

Another projection 100 from the lower edge of the plate is outturned andhas secured to it a tension spring 101 attached to a pin 102' at the topof the casing` thel samenorinall holding the plate 95 in raised positionanc also the plate 92 which is ciosely adjacent and rests upon theoutturned projection. 100.

The upper edge of the plate 92 has -formed upon it a series of ninesteps 105, with which the .'bent :ends 62 of the bars 5S are adaptedtomake contact, all of these several ends resting on'tliey upper edge ofthe plate 95 and extending to the front so as to engage thesteps' of theplate when depressed.

Formed in the lower portion of the plate 92,- at's'paced intervals toregister with the centers of the bars 58 are slots. 106 differinginaextent 'and thereby limiting the distance downward which the platecan move in accordance with the key depressed, and thereagainstover-travel due to inertia.

` Secured onthe rod 78 are aplurality of Spacing-sleeves having betweenthem detents 108 normally drawn forward into an linoperative position bysprings 109 and provided with arms 110 engaging in the slots 61of thekey'lbars-S, so that as the. latter are depressed, the detents are movedto eugageinthe slots 1,06 limiting the downward stroke'ot-the plate 92according to the value of the key depressed.

`rlhe shaft 80-is shifted lengthwise in its bearingsfcausing either sideof the pinions to' engagefwith. the vertical racks whereby the shaft -isrotated in either direction as desired by depression of the numeralkeys, in the following manner.

-A slot 111 having araised central portion vor lug 112 is formed throughthe 'front element 67 of the casing. at the lett hand side and extendingoutwardly therethrough is a lever handle 113 by which the shift can hemade, causing the apparatus to add or suhtract at will.

The lever 114 with Which the handle is formed, is pivoted on a bracket115 attra-lied interiorly of the casing and is provided with a fork 116orits equivalent, contiguous to the shaft 80 and adapted to Contact withthe pinion 86 on one side and with a hub 118 fixed to the shaft 80 andhavinor an arm 119 extending at a right angle to tciie right. Aratchetwheel is secured by its hub-121 to a sleeve 126 rotatable on theshaft 80 and at the opposite end of the sleeve is secured an actuatingrgear 128 having its teeth bevelled to facilitate engagement with theteeth ot' the numeral Wheels as hereinafter described. the gear, sleeveand attached parts being held from movement on the shaft 8() by a fork129 secured within the casing.

The arm 119 carries a pail 12a cooperating with the ratchet wheel totransmit driving impulse thereto for addition, and it further carries asecond driving pa-wl 125 which will be substituted for the first pawl totransmit the torque in the reverse or subtrarftion operation, as willappear more fullyv in the description ot the operation below. tl`hetotalizer as a. unit is mounted on a shaft 75 and consists of framecomprised of a bar 130 having angular arms 131 containing openings 225for the tube 225,` other openings 76 being formed in the armv extensionsfor the rod 76 so that the frarneis suiported but free to more ontheishat't and rot.

Secured to the back of the trame bar .130 is' a toothed rack 123:2 thesaine'extending to the leftof the frame and engageabl'e with :i pinion133, see Fig. 8, fixed on a spindle 12E-1 rotatable in a bracket 135 andalso in an opening 134 formed in the back plate 51.

T he spindle 13% extends across the plate by reason of a slot 136extendingiin from the top and also the plate 92 by a similar recess 137formed in the upper edge of an oiiset portion 92', this offset forminga. pocket in which is positioned a ratchet 138 operated by a pawl 139pivoted'on the inner face et the plate 95 and normally held against apiu. 140, set in the plate by-.a spring-141.l

thus :is the back plate 95 is depressed and mores upward again, meansare provided tor moving the totalizer toward the left one spaceautomatically.

An oliset extension 142 is fixed to the arm 131 at the right of thecarriage acting as a rear-prolongation of the Sa1ne."this extension andarm limiting the movement of the totalizer to the right as will now beshown.

Fixe-d in the casing`r near the right han( end is a vertical bracket145. its upper end 146 being turned outwardly closely adjacent to theshaft 75 andhas attached to it one end of a coiled tension spring 147encircling the shaft and attached a-tits other end to the totalizercarriage in such manner as to normally draw it to the right ofthe'casing.

Another like brarlet 14S is lixed at the rear of the casing registeringwith the bracket 145, and mounted in these brackets is a rod 1150transversely to and immediately below the shaft 80.

Pivoted on this rod (see Fig. 17) are a plurality ot' levers 151, 2, 3,4, 5 and 6 extending to the left and of different lengths. the saineacting as stops to engage the totalizer carriage as drawn by the spring147.

Another bracket 158 in the casi-ng supports a comb or slotted guide 159ythrough which the levers 1151, etc. freely pass, the levers beingsupported by flat springs 160 extending to the left from an anglecarried by the comb element 159 as can be seen in Figs. 5 and 18- thefree ends of the levers being normally raised as indicated.

The longest and rearmost lever 151 is formed with a raised arm 161extending over the upper edges of the adjacent levers 152 and 153 andisprovided at its end with an upturned slotted projection 171.

In a like manner the lever 152 has a raised arm 16.2 extending over vthelevers-i153 and 154', terminating in a slotted projection 172 and haslat the rear a lov.' varm A182 resting on the i lever'151.

jection '175 land twof low arm sections 185'and y185 normally restingrespectively on the levers 1'51, 152,153 and 154.

The outermost and shortest lever 156 "has a. raised arm 166,a-vertical'slotted projec- -tion'1'7 6 vand t'Wolow armsections 186 and186 extending respectivelyon the levers 151,

152 and 153 landalso on theflevers 154 and 15.5. A lug 187 extendsupwardffrom the edge of'fthe-frontle'ver 156 and acts as a 'stop for-thecarriage in the hig'hest decimal position. i Extending through slotsinit'hecover plate 66 of the casing are a plurality of stems-'en- .gagedseparately with the several -projections and provi-ded with l inger:pads 191, 192. 193, l194, '195 and 196, corresponding to the severallevers, each of the pads bear- :ing indications of decimal values, astens, hundreds, thousands, etc., all of the .several stems containingslots engaging in thel corresponding slots of `the projections in suchmanner as to prevent lateral motion in any direction 'While the springs160 return the pads 'to normal position after depression; the pads beingarranged in staggered relation and readily accessible, (see Figs. 1, 2and '3) S-lidably mounted around the rotatable shaft 75, bet-Ween thetotalizer frame sides `131 is -a tube or .sleeve 225. upon lwhich isBEST AVAlLABLE COP`;

engaged a plurality o'f numerals wheel units arranged closely adjacentside by side. Each of these units consists ot' a gear 226 havingpeculiarly shaped lapped teeth engageable vvith the actuator gear 128.v

Also engaged with the teeth of the rgears 226 are bent fiat detentsprings 227, fined at their outer rear ends to a plate 228 securedrigidly to the frame element 130 on its inner side.

Formed with 'or secured to the plate 228 are projections 230 havingbevelled forwardly extending cam ends 231 disposed between each of t-hetotalizer units, as best seen fin Figs. 13 and 15, the points of theprojections closely approaching `rthe teeth oli-the ratchet Wheels 232adjacent the gears '226, but secured to the adjoining wheels of the nexthigher denomination by rivets 233.

rlhese rivets pass through the Wheel centers 235, enc-losing betweenthem'and the .ratchets 232 the gears 226 and spring elements 236, havingbent finger portions 237 partially contained in recesses23'8formed i-nthe Wheel centers 235,the ends oftheffingers 237 normally clearingtheteethof xthe lratchet wheels 232 but engageable in ithe spacesbetween the teeth when rotated into contact with 'the bevelled camrsurfaces-'231, which depress the finger and cause a carrying action ofone tooth of the ratchet :Wheehor in other Words, moves it one tenthofza 'revolution in which' ever direction the numeral Wheelunit-carrying the Efinger may be moving, thus performing the function ofcarrying in addition vor subtraction.

Secured circumjacent to `the Wheel centers 235 are bands 239, on whichare displayed ten numerals 250, from 0 to 9 inclusive which aredisclosed throuvh appropriate openings 252 formed througi the casing'65in-such position as to be readily observable.

Inv operation, the device having been `securely attached tothe frame ofa typewriter itvvill be :seen that :none of the functions or usefulnessof the latter Aare y -interfered with, and no room occupied that :is'used for other purposes. i V It will be further `apparent 'that theattachment presents no obstacle to the vfull andfree access rto thevarious keys of the typewriter, nor is the attachment objection- 4ablein appearance.

Let it be supposed that the numeral Wheels of Athe totalizer are all setatO and it is desired, as in the body of a letter 'or bill, to set upvthirty-one Ithousand -dollars and forty-'six cents, $31,000.46, and addto it live hundred dollars and twelve cents, $500.12. i

The items of the letter or bill fare Writteu upon the vpaper sheet,placed on the platen of the typewriter, by operating the keys in theusual manner, when this has 'been done Aand the-column, for listingarnountsbrought into position for printing the SE key of the typewriteris depressed and the sign written.

Thereupon the tabular key 196, representing millions,'at the right ofattached mechanism, is depressed, causing the totalizer to be drawn bythe spring 147 against the stop 187 so that the numeral wheelregistering millions is brought into mesh with the gear 128.

The numeral key 60 representing 3 ot the attachment is now depressed,its stem normally lightly resting upon the corr sponding key lever ofthe typewriter, causing` the lever to be depressed, thereby writing thenumeral 3 on the sheet adjacent to the right of the dollar sign andcausing the platen to shift one space to the left.

Simultaneously the over-hanging lug 62 of the attachment key causes theback space plate 95 to be moved down, the lug ultimately contacting withits corresponding step on the plate 92,`drawing it down. and by reasonof the equalizing racks 87 and 90 at its ends engaging the pinionsSti-86, which transmitrotary motion to the shaft 80, rigidly carryingthe arm 119, whereby the pawl 124 will rotate'thesleeve 126 carrying theactuating gear 128 meshing'with the wheel of the totalizer then in viewand turning it to disclose the numeral 3. In the downward movement ofthe back plate 95 ther-asks 96 and 97 rotate the loosely mounted gears83 and8t respectively. and since these gears mesh with the gears 81 and82 respectively, and the latter are rigid upon lthe shaft T5, themovementof the back plate 95 will he equalized, that is, the plate 'willhave an accurate movement of translation without tilting or cooking,thereby eliminating the likelihood ofbindin'g or jamming.

lWhen the attachment numeralkey is re-' leased, and the' back spaceplate95 is raised by the 'spring 101, which also raises the steppedplate 92, the pawl 139 carried on the back space plate, engages theratchet wheel 138, vrota-ting'the pinion 133, which transmits motionthrough the rack 132 to thetotalizer, moving it one space to the leftand disclosing'the next adjacent numeral wheel. y

In like manner the attachment numeral key 1 is depressed, its stemengaging the typewriter key lever for the small alphabetical character Lwhich prints 1, moving the next wheel in the totalizer to register inaccordance, and also to move another space to the left.

The next operation is to use the typewriter key bearing the comma signand then continue the use of the attachment keys for the next threefigures 2, 6 and 2, then insertinga period or decimal point, by thetypewriter and I completing the motion by the keys of the attachment.

essi' AvAlLAeLE coni The second number vim-$500.12 is similarly writtenby the use of the attachment keys, except for the signs used, but thesum of the two numbers will now appear upon the totalizer and can'betransferred to the paper sheet by the keys of the typewriter.

For the operation of subtraction, the lever-handle 113 is first movedtoward the right, urging the operating shaft toward the left,disengaging the gears and 86 from the racks 8T and 88 respectively andbringing them into meshing engagement with the reverse racks 89 and 90respectively. The arm 119 which is rigid with the operating shaft will,of course, be shifted therewith toward the left, moving the pawl 124;laterally out of engagement with the ratchet 120 and into engagementwith the hub 121 and .moving the subtraction pawl 125 from the hub 122into cooperation with the ratchet 120, so as to transmit the torque inthe reverse direction.

From this point, the operation proceeds substantially as abovedescribed, it being undertood that in the downward movement of theoperating plate 92, racks 89-90 will cause a reverse rotation ofthegears 85 and 86, thereby causing. all of the operations above described,to be performed in a reverse direction for subtraction. Y

In case an incorrect tabulating setting has been made, saythat thetotalizer has been shifted to 10,000, where only 100 is required, it ismerely necessary to depress the error key twice in succession, tothereby step the totalizer toward the right, first t0 the 1000 settingand then to the 100 setting. Upon each return movement of 'the'operating plate of which Lthe error key 9 8' is a part,ithe pawl 139will rotate the corresponding ratchet 138 and thereby drive the pinion133 which by reason of its cooperation with the rack 132'will cause thelreturnl movement of the carriage.

Due to the absenceof any mechanical4 linkage connecting the' computingmechalnism to the typewriting platen, flexibility of operation isaccomplished. The machine will add figures arrangedveither vertically orhorizontally with punctuation to suit the work being done.'

rPhe computationsv are mechanically correct, even if the listings arenot in registration, while the use of the decimal points and otherdivisions of the numbers are readily made without confusing the showingson the totalizer.

It may also be pointed out that the inertia devices consisting of thespring actuated element- 108, operated by the slots 61, of the keys,prevent over movement of the stepped plate and therefore of thetotalizer in ainanner which will be clearly-evident.

In the modilied form of attachment, shown in Figs. 20 to 23, inclusive,an independent casing generally designated by the numeral 300 is formedlwith a forwardly, extending base portion 301, supported uponfeet 302resting on the same level as the feet of the typewriter 50, to which itis removably attached by the clamp connection 303. The interiormechanism is of substantially the same. construction except that the keystems 305', carryingl the numeral pads 306, have extensions 307containing .openings 308 adapt-ed to receive the tapered ends 309 of thelever bar 3l() which may be lfirmly pressed, these bars. having downwardverticalV extensions 811 adapted to normally lightly rest upon the keylevers of the typewriter, and subject to depression by the pads 312.mounted on oii'set vertical extensions 313, so that the pads arearranged to the rear of the key-board of the typewriter.

In. this adaptation the machine may be used by itselfas a calculatinginstrument or connect'ed'with a typewriter in a moment 0f time and-thenusedv as in the foregoing description;

The foregoing descriptionis tobe regardedv as descriptive andexplanatory rather than restrictive, as obviously many minorcl'iangesmay be' madev withinthe scope andv spirit vof' the appendedclaims.

Having thus described our invention, whatwe. claim as new and rdesire tosecure by Letters Patent, isz- 1... A. calcula-ti l mechanismcomprisinga casing engaged with a typewriteraJ totalizer movablein saidcasing','megms-vv for rotating the wheels of said totalizer andoperating the numeral keys of the typewriter' sim-,ultaneously,independent means for shifting.

said totalizer, and'a'plurali'ty of s hiftable tatn'ilati'ngy stopsnormally in; 'the .path ot' displacement of totaliz'er and means for`setting said stops t'o disposes'aid totalizer at will for the number otdecimalplaces of' the number to besetup.

2. A calueulating mechanismClemprisingf a casing engagedjwith atypewriter, a carriage:

movable said casing', totalizer the-rein'-7 means vfor actuatingv saidtot'alizer andthe numeral keysv of the .typewriter simulta` neously,means -or moving said carriage, a plurality oi' overlappingstopslimitingthe carriage movement, said stops being independentlyoperable, and; an error key for.

eil`ecting theretunn movement of the carriage to its inltial position.

calculating mechanism comprising a casing, a'totalizer movabletherein, aspringfor moving` said totalizer in one direction, a plurality ofindependent pivoted lever stops' for limiting the travel of saidtotalizer. and mechanism for automatically advancing said -totalizer,step b-v step against the pull of' said spring.

4. A calculating mechanism comprising a -fasinfr` a totalizer movablethe-rein. said- BEST AVAILABLE COP;

with any of said numeral wheels, means for maintaining said actuatinggear in a fixed position, a plurality of keys having different numeri;al values by which said actua-ting gear is proportionately rotated, andlan inertia device for each key preventing its overmovement,

A calculating mechanism comprising a casing,` a totalizer movabletherein, said totalizer containing a plurality of numeral wheels, anactuating gear independently engageable with said wheels, a sleeve onwhich said actuating gear is fixed, a sha-it in said casingl on whichsaid sleeve is rotatably mounted, a ratchet wheel on said sleeve, an armfixed on said shaft, oppositely disposed pawls carried by said arm,means for engaging either of saidpawls with sai-d ratchet wheel wherebyit is u'turned in either dire tion, a plurality of numeral keys, andintervening mechanism for rotating said' shaft a predeterminedamount.

6. A calculatingI mechanism comprising a casing, a. totalizer movabletherein, a plurality of numeral key levers, a.- single plate having astep for each lever whereby it is depressed a definite and diierentdistance7 a pair of oppositely disposed eq'ualizing rackslixed at theends of said plate. a shalt in s'ai-d casi-ng between saidv oppositerack pairs, pinions on said-shalt', means for shifting said 'pinion's toengage with either of said rack pairs, and mechanism i'jor transieringthe rotary motion of -said shaft to the wheel of saidtotaliz'er.

T. A calculating mechanism comprising a casing, a shaft mountedlongitudinally therein, a .sleeve slidable on said` shaft, a carriagefixed on said sleeve, said carriare supporting a totalizer, tensiona'lmeans. or drawing said carriage in one direction, a rack extendingi'romsaid carriage parallel with said' shaft,v a' spindle joumiallledtransversely in said casing, a. `pinion tixedfon said; spindle engagingsaid."` rackratchet Awheelyojn said spindle, a key movaible verticallyin.said casing, means for raising said key after depression, anda springactuated f awl Carried by said key 'enga'giii'g''saidt ratchet wheel onits upward movement whereby said. carriage-is moved st 'ep-bylstep in adirection opposite said tension means,

8. A calculating mechanism comprising a casing, a shaft mounted'lbngitudinjally therein, a slee`ve 'slif dabl`e o n 's aid'shafn acarriage fixed on said 'sleevejsa'i'd carriage 'supporting a totalizer,tensional, means f'or drawing said i arriagc iin' one direction, a rackextending from said carriagel parallel with said shaft. a pinionengaging said rack, aplate movable vertically in said casing, anescapement key on said plate, means for returning said lplate 'to normal'posit-ion, equalizing devices at the ends of said plate for assuring apure movement of translation thereof, and means carried by said plateadapted through intervening mechanism to actuate said pinion wherebysaid carriage is moved against said tension means.

9. A calculating mechanisn'x comprising a casing, a totalizer movabletherein, a spring `for moving said totalizcr in one direction, aplurality of independent pivoted lever stops limiting the travel of saidtotalizer. said stops being graded in length progressively in amountequal to the distance between the numeral wheels of said totali/zer,individual key means for depressing the first or longest stop, or anynumber of said stops in sequenze (collectively. and resilient n'ieansfor returning said stops to their initial position after depression.

10. A calculating,r mechanisn'i comprising a casing, a totalizer movabletherein, a spring for moving said totalizer in one d' action` aplurality of independent pivotcd lever stops limiting the travel of saidtotalizer. said stops being graded in length progressiv'ely', inamountequalto the distance between the numeral wheels-of said totalizer,individual key means for depressing the first or longest stop, or anynumber of said .stops-in` sequence 'collectivelyga lug on the lastjor5shorteststop acting as a fixed limit., guidesfor said stops, and aspring for each stop adaptedto return the stops to operative 11. The'combination with a calculating machine havingxzaftotalizer 'and numeralkeys for the operating thereof, of a typewriter having numeral'i'keys ofstandard construction', recessed lateral lugs formed with.v the' stemsof'the calculating machine keys, and independent offset keyed levers ofsuitable length adapted to engage firmly in the recess of the lugs,their keyed ends making loose but operative contact with thecorresponding numeral keys of said typewriter.

12. A calculating mechanism comprising a casing, a longitudinal shafttherein. a totalizer carriage slidable on said shaft, tensional meansfor drawing the carriage in one direction, a rack on said carriage, apinion engaging said rack, said pinion being normally free to rotate,and key operated means for communicating motion to said pinion therebyretracting said carriage.

13. A calculating mechanism comprising a casing, an operating shaft anda totalizer shaft disposed parallel longitudinally in said casing. bothshafts being rotatable and said operating shaft being slidable` fearsfixed at the ends of the totalizer shaft, other gears loose on saidoperating shaft. a pair of racks engaging the last named gears` a plateconnecting said racks, means carried BEST AVAILABLE COF. '7

on said plate for moving said totalizer laterally, and a plurality ofmeans for operating said plate, said rack and gear connections acting asan equalizer for said plate to assure a pure movement of translationthereof.

14. calculating mechanism comprising a casinfr totalizer movabletherein, a pluralitv of keyed levers, a plate engaged at said key leversfor moving said detents into said recesses and means at the ends of saidstepped plate for actuating saldv totalizer upon the depression of saidkey levers..

A totalizer comprising a supportingcarriage` a plurality of numeralwheel units of composite construction each independ ently rotatable,spring carrying fingers forming'part of each unit, said fingerslbeing.'`engageable when depressed with notches: '1`n the adjacent wheels, anddouble faced cams fixed on said carriage'adapted to cause-'snide fingersto operatively engage with the adjacent wheels when passing saidcamsyinf either direction thus forming a'carrying means therebetween"both subtraction. 'l

16. A calculating mechanism comprising;

Ilm

a casing, va-totalizer-'operable in said casingj,

means for rotating the wheels of said totalizer and operating thenumeral keys of a typewriter simultaneously, an independent escapementfor said totalizer, and means operable by a manipulation with one fingerto set the totalizer for the number of decimal places of the number tobe set up.

17. A calculating mechanism comprising a casing engaged with atypewriter, a carriage movable in said casing. a totalizer therein,means for rotating the wheels of said totali zer and operating thenumber keys of the typewriter simultaneously` tabulating keys carried bysaid casing, each operable by a direct one finger thrust to selectivelyshift the totalizer to tabnlating position and escapement means toreturn the totalizer toward units position after digit operation.

18. A. calculating mechanism comprising a casing engaged with atypewriter, a totalixer assmziated with said casing, a. carriage movablein said casing, means for rotating the wheels of said totalizer andoperating7 the numeral keys of said typewriter simultaneously7 a springurging said carriage to the outermost tabulated position thereof,tabulating stop means determining the various 'tabulated positions ofthe carriage, said stop means normally retaining the c rriage in unitsposition. tabulating keys on said casing each operably by a single onelinger thrust to selectively determine the effective position of thestop means for tabulation. and escapement means to automatically returnthe carriage in a step by step action.

19. A calculating machine comprising a casing engaged with a typewriterand mounted inobtrusively to freely expose the typewriter key board. andto extend free from the path of displacement of the operating mechanismof the typewriter. a totalizer operable in said casing, a singletractive means for said totalizer and controllable stop means forsetting the totalizcr in ap propriate position for the decimal places inthe number to be set up.

20. A calculating attachment for a typewriter comprising a casingsecured to the. frame of the typewriter, a totalizer in said casing,escapement means for said totalizer distinct Jfrom the typewriteresca-pement. an actuating gear engageable with any of the wheels of saidtotalizex-, key operated means for driving said gear simultaneously 'ithprinting numbers on the typewriter. and means for shifting. thedirection of rotation of said gear so that either addition orsuhtraction may he accomplished on said totalizer.

21. A calculating machine comprising a casing engaged with a typewriter.a totalizer'operable in said casing, tractive means for urging saidtotalizer in one direction and escapement means distinct from that ofthe typewriter for returning said totalizer step by step to its initialposition.

22. An adding mechanism comprising, in combination` a key operatedtotalizer, an escapcment controlling the decimal actuation of saidtotalizer7 a plate moved through a common stroke by the actuation ofeach key and a pawl carried by said plate for act :atingr the escapementin each key stroke.

ln an adding mechanism in combination, a key board, a totalizer actuatedtherefrom. said totalizer having a carriage pro vided with a rack, apinion meshing with said rack` an escapement mechanism operativelyinterposed between the key board and the totalizcr, said mechanismincluding a pawl element for operating the pinion, one step for each keystroke for the step by step return of the totalizer from tabulatedposition.

24. A combined typewriter and computing machine comprising a typewritereleaient. a computing element including a casing atlixefl to the frameof the typewriter and having a distinct key board,` key bars connectedto the individual elements of the key hoard, each bar normally sustainedupon the. typewriter key lever of corresponding number.

A calculating machine comprising a casing carried by a typewriter, atotalizer operable in said casing. and keys for actuatin.;r saidtotalizer= said keys being normally supported loosely andnon-interferingly di rectly upon the upper edges of the numeral keylevers of the typewriter.

ln testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification.

MAURICE SAMBURG. JULIUS C. HOCHMAN.

